monographs and in essays (Diestel 1869; Kähler 1896; Holtzmann 1911). Within the last few decades, however, several detailed and highly informative studies have broken fresh ground in tracing the rise of this modern biblical discipline (see Kraus 1970; Merk 1972; Zimmerli 1980; Frei 1973; Stuhlmacher 1979; Gunneweg 1978). In addition, important books and articles have pursued the individual contributions of key figures (for example, Hornig on Semler; Smend on de Wette and Gabler; Morgan on Wrede
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